CNA vocabulary list with simple meanings
Updated · Reviewed against official sources
These are words that appear again and again in CNA classes and exam questions, with plain-English meanings. Learning them first makes questions much easier to read, especially if English is your second language.
| Word | Simple meaning |
|---|---|
| Ambulate | To walk |
| Aspiration | Food, liquid or vomit going into the lungs |
| Dysphagia | Trouble swallowing |
| Dyspnea | Trouble breathing |
| Edema | Swelling from extra fluid |
| NPO | Nothing by mouth (no food or drink) |
| Intake and output (I&O) | Measuring all fluids taken in and all fluids that come out |
| Contracture | A joint that stays bent and stiff from lack of movement |
| Pressure injury (pressure ulcer) | Skin damage from staying in one position too long |
| Dementia | Loss of memory and thinking that gets worse over time |
| Hemiplegia | Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body |
| Affected (weak) side | The side of the body with weakness, often after a stroke |
| Supine | Lying flat on the back |
| Prone | Lying on the stomach |
| Lateral | Lying on the side |
| Fowler's position | Sitting up in bed with the head raised |
| Gait belt | A belt put around the waist to help a person stand and walk safely |
| PPE | Personal protective equipment: gloves, gown, mask, eye protection |
| Perineal care | Washing the private (genital and anal) area |
| Vital signs | Temperature, pulse, breathing rate and blood pressure |
| Restraint | Anything that limits a person's free movement |
| Ombudsman | An advocate who helps residents with complaints |
How to study the words
- Learn 10 words a day and say each one out loud.
- Write the word in a sentence about a resident.
- Group words: positions, body systems, infection control, rights.
- Use practice questions to see the words in context.
If English is your second language
Federal rules let you choose an oral exam instead of a written one; the questions are read to you. Some states may offer other languages; check your state's handbook. See CNA practice test in Spanish and oral exam and accommodations.
Quick answers
- Is there a CNA vocabulary list with simple meanings?
- Yes, the table above covers the words that show up most in CNA questions.
- English is my second language. How do I study medical words for the CNA exam?
- Learn a few words daily, say them out loud, and practice them inside real-style questions.
- What are good CNA exam tips for non-native English speakers?
- Master vocabulary first, read each question twice, and ask about the oral exam option when you apply.
What to do next
See these words in context with 20 free practice questions and explanations.
Practice the wordsRelated guides
- Can I take the CNA exam in Spanish?
- CNA exam tricky questions: how do I pick the best answer?
- Can I request the oral version of the CNA test or extra time?
- Is Quizlet good enough to pass the CNA exam?
- How many questions are on the CNA exam?
- Is there a completely free CNA practice test with no sign-up?
- Is there a CNA practice test that shows my weak areas?
- How many practice questions should I do before the CNA exam?
Sources
- 42 CFR 483.154: Nurse aide competency evaluation (oral exam option)
- 42 CFR 483.152: Nurse aide training program requirements
Checked: . Rules, fees and vendors change — always confirm with your state's official page and candidate handbook.